Secret Behind the Cheetah's Speedy Stride Discovered
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According to Discovery News, a study published today by the Journal of Experimental Biology states the reason cheetahs are able to achieve record-breaking speeds of up to 65 mph has to do with their ability to "switch gears" while running.RELATED: What is a liger?
Although the cheetah and its speedy canine counterpart, the Greyhound, have similar strides, the cats leave the dogs in the dust. Mid-run, cheetahs begin to reach an increasingly higher number of strides -- possibly four strides per second -- resulting in an ever-faster pace. They also have a longer stride than the dogs. In comparison to cheetahs' 65 mph, the top clocked Greyhound speed is only 43 mph, and they take the same number of strides per second at every speed.
"Cheetahs and Greyhounds are known to use a rotary gallop, and physically they are remarkably similar, yet there is the bewitching difference in maximum speed of almost a factor of two," says Alan Wilson, a study researcher from the Royal Veterinary College in the United Kingdom.
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To find the secret behind the disparity in speed, researchers planted force-measuring plates in the ground, then had both cheetahs and Greyhounds chase after a piece of chicken while taking high-speed video of the animals in motion. This technique measured the force the animals created while running, calibrated with how much the animals weighed.
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Although the cheetah subjects -- taken from the ZSL Whipsnade Zoo in the suburbs of London and the Ann van Dyk Cheetah Centre in South Africa -- were not able to reach the top speeds of their wild counterparts, they still easily outpaced the Greyhounds.
The cheetahs were observed changing their stride frequency as they reached higher speeds. At 20 mph, they took 2.4 strides per second. However, at 38 mph, they clocked in at 3.2 strides per second. Meanwhile, the Greyhounds maintained a constant rate of approximately 3.5 strides per second regardless of how fast they ran.
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18 Comments
What I find fascinating is that the Cheetah's closest cousin in the Cougar. Both evolved in North America. The Cheetah survived the Mega Fauna extinction by traveling to Asia and Africa over the Ice Age land bridge. The Cougar survived because of a small colony of the cats in the southern Andes.
June 23 2012 at 11:27 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplySome people have advocated reintroducing the Cheetah to Prong Horn Antelope country. The Prong Horn evolved as the world's fastest hoofed animal because the Cheetah had been it's prime predator.
What I find fascinating is that the Cheetah and the Cougar are cousins who evolved in North America. The Cheetah survived the Mega Fauna extinction in North America by traveling to Asia and Africa while the Cougar survived as a small colony in the southern Andes.
June 23 2012 at 11:22 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplySome say the Cheetah should be reintroduced to prong horn antelope (the world's fastest antelope) country. After all, it would be returning home.
I did learn one thing...DO NOT get in front of a cheetah when they are hungry...
June 23 2012 at 10:13 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyCorrection, Fahrenheit. Thanks.
June 23 2012 at 3:49 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyThe cheetah has a more flexible spine than a greyhound.
June 23 2012 at 12:07 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyThe only fact I got from the article was the increase in the number of strides at the increase of speed. All other useful facts came from comments - size, weight, length of stride, non-retractable claws, etc. I was wondering if anyone knows whether the cheetah has more, larger, or more specialized tendons or ligaments that are more efficient at absorbing and releasing energy thus increasing the length of the cheetah's stride relative to it's length. Also, are there any such specialized ligaments, tendons, etc. performing the same function running along the cheetah's spinal column?
June 22 2012 at 11:18 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyI don't doubt that cats are much faster than dogs. However, this is in the short distance only. Dogs can run for well over an hour and in the wild can run for several hours non-stop. Just look at the Huskies in Canada. If you race a dog and cat in a very long distance, I'm sure the dog will prove to be the better runner.
June 22 2012 at 8:41 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyThis is all very interesting. However, since Cheetahs’ normal body temperature is around 100°C, their ability to maintain the speed of close to 65 mph is fairly limited. This is more apparent when they are chasing a prey and usually end up giving up the chase after a few minutes. The body temperature shoots up to excess of 110°C and they are no longer able to keep up. Greyhounds, on the other hand, are the winner in endurance with their continuous speed of 32 mph.
June 22 2012 at 7:32 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down ReplyA cheetahs normal body temperature is 100 degrees Celsius? The boiling point of water? I assume you meant 100 F.
June 22 2012 at 10:35 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down ReplyThis was done simply to point out the obvious. That cats rule!
June 22 2012 at 5:45 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyALSO A CHEETAH IS A WILD CAT AND A GREYHOUND IS A DOMESTIC DOG!!
June 22 2012 at 5:28 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyCHANCES ARE THE 2 WILL NEVER MEET TO COMPETE!! HOPEFULLY